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3 Intelligent Ways to Use “Failure” In Your Training

Posted by Joel Marion

In the second part of our discussion on training to failure, we talked about several very important things.

For starters, we cleared up the ambiguity surrounding the term “failure” and established a simple, clear-cut definition of the term.

Alas, we were all on the same page.

At that point, we went on to discuss the pitfalls of regularly training to failure, including the extreme stress these techniques place on the central nervous system.

The end result: overtraining, burnout, skipped workouts, extreme fatigue, and an overall lack of results. Not exactly the type of things you’d hope to generate by “giving it your all” in the gym.

And that’s the point−training hard without training SMART leads to nothing more than a bunch of futile, wasted effort.

That said, training to failure isn’t all bad, and in fact there are several “intelligent” ways to use the technique to get you the results you’re after, faster.

Here are a few of my favorites:

Method 1 – Gradual Failure

As the name suggests, with this approach you gradually move toward failure, achieving true failure only on the last set of a given exercise.

For example, let’s say you are performing dumbbell bench presses and are aiming to complete 5 sets of 8 repetitions. Instead of choosing a load that you can only do 8 times, be conservative and select a weight that you are able to complete 12 solid repetitions with.

Your first set of 8 will be easy, but with limited rest, your last set should be pretty difficult. Here’s what it looks like:

Set 1 – Somewhat Easy
Set 2 – Moderate
Set 3 – Hard
Set 4 – Harder
Set 5 – Very Hard (failure)

By the end of the five sets, you will have maximally stimulated the working muscles without overtaxing your central nervous system. This method can be used fairly regularly without adverse affects.

Method 2 – Periodic Failure

With this method, you “periodically” schedule periods of full-blown failure training into your training schedule.

For example, you may avoid training to failure completely for 3 weeks and then transition into a full week in which you train most sets to failure. This can be a very useful method to really “shock” the body and achieve rapid progress, but I would not use it more than 25% of the time.

Method 3 – Isolated Failure

With this method, you avoid training to failure during big, multi-joint movements (i.e. squats, deadlifts, bench, pull-ups, rows, etc) and instead only train to failure while performing substantially less demanding “isolation” type exercises (curls, leg extensions, tricep pressdowns, lateral raises, etc).

Typically, you would train a muscle to failure via an isolation movement only after big, compound work has already been completed−a phenomenal way to ensure maximal stimulation without the burnout.

How about you?  Do you have another “intelligent” way in which you use failure training?  Questions/comments about today’s post (or failure training in general) as we wrap up our discussion on the subject?

At least 130 comments and I’ll be back with more exclusive members’ content before you know it!

Joel

P.S.  As this post concludes our mini-series on training to failure, let’s ramp up the discussion below!


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107 comments - add yours
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Method 2 makes sense. You can cycle intensiveness just like you cycle volume or intensity. Should be very effective.

I feel like pulling lends itself much better to failure than pushing (including the deadlift in the former and squat in latter). Psychologically, you know you can just drop the weight (or yourself) if you fail. And in most cases failure will occur at the end of the movement, provided you stay honest with your range of motion.

Maybe my willingness to fail with pulls is why I make more progress with them. But missing a squat or a bench press really psychs me out.

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Now, usually (with most exercises) i’ll train my sets until failure at the gym. Say, for example, if I do my Bench press. Start at 50kg for a warm up. and 3 Sets of 75kg – I will go for 10 reps on 50kg and 10 reps on the first lot of 75kg but from there on the number of reps i can physically do decreases until by the time im on my last set, I can only push (and fail) at rep 6 (before taking advantage of my spotter and doing a single resistance rep when i try to lower the weight as slow as possible…) And thats how most of my workout goes.

I couldnt really tell, (in reading the 3 methods above), if it is acceptable to train like that – all workout, all the time??? (Always working the progressive overload of course…)

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This is really good to read. The way I train is doing 3 sets, each time increasing the difficulty until I’m at my max (Like how you have the 5 set one), and I just find that I am actually able to do a lot more on the final set.

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yeah i used to train to failure in all my sets and i hit a plateau reallyrapidly and couldn’t get over it though i was training hard…too hard in fact. actually using lighter weights with more force should give you the same effect as using a heavier weight but moving it slower, with added benefits.
1st, it allows you to complete more reps without training to failure. 2nd, your joints won’t take as much damage.
upping the intensity’s the trick! though i nv tried bringing my isolation exercises to failure before, cuz i thought it’ll be too taxing on the smaller muscle groups. must try that out

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Hi Joel,
I’ve been using the Gradual Failure approach for some time but add another aspect. I treat the earlier sets as ballistic and continous. As fatigue progresses I add pauses between reps but still push for ballistic lift. End set is always slow and controlled but with close attention to holding form.
I do this as it stimulates the muscle and CNS in a variety of ways.
Am I mixing too many things here perhaps? I’d be interested in your views.
Cheers

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The three methods of failure appear to be an efficient way to keep the muscles guessing, therefore stimulating muscle growth. Thanks for something new!

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Although your three methods make perfect sense, I’ve trained my muscular endurance to be able to do the same amount of reps each set. For example, lets say I am doing dumbbell presses and use a weight where my max rep range is 6. I’ll be able to do all 5 sets at 6 reps without decreasing and each set will be to failure. So sure, at first it might be taxing on your CNS, but with time, you can train your CNS to recover as well in order to be able to make each set a work set and get a lot more out of your workouts without overtraining (just make sure you get enough recover time between workouts).

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I think there is one more very important thing
The way u lower the weights. If in the negative session of
the movement u make it harder, then ur gains are multiplied
because it also ivolves other type mucle fibers (slow/fast twich)
By the way these are really great methods to improve our knowledge
of SMART training.

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Good Morning,
I will train similar to #1, only difference is after 2-3 sets to 8 reps I will increase poundage on the last remaining sets so at most i will have 1 in the tank or 0. However, I can on;y do this for 4-6 weeks than I need to cycle down a bit or I will over train.
#2 sounds like a good alternative . But 3 sounds more like pre exhausting to me , only back words . I have tried this type and it does not work for me.
Thanks Joel, a great series

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Hello,

I used to follow split routines and always train to failure with every set.
I got used to that mindset of always training to failure.
At this point I’m overtrained. I’ve learned from reading this article.
I’m going to put the tips above to use in my next full body workout program and strategically put different kinds of failure in my program.
I’m going to crush through my plateau.

cheers

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I am by no way an expert. I am 54 years old and I now train 6 days a week. I went from 22% body fat 5 months ago down to just under 10% now. I finally have a six pack. I isolate 1 body part after my workout and work to failure. When I do it this way I see the gains really fast. Since there are so many different exercises for isolating a body part I keep this one part of my workout interesting. I go on the computer that morning and find a new exercise I have never done. I include that exercise in my workout and keep it lite. Then when I have completed my workout I go back to that exercise and work it to failure. Like I said I am not an expert, but I am getting great results.

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This is a very applicable and beneficial breakdown of using failure in training. I like the series format, providing the background and then the benefit or solution. It provides me with a why behind what I am doing based on the knowledge provided.

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For a 70 yr-old working out to maintain reasonably good health levels, on the use it orlose it principle, the objective I think is different from that for younger fitter people. The incidence of failure, too has a different significance, in that if one repeatedly fails at aparticular level, it seems to me a clear signal that the body is saying enough is enough, so one scales back a few reps to make sure one doesn’t get hurt thro’ the effort at over-training. It’s much easier to get hurt for a geriatric, and more difficult to recover. To that extent it’s a much thinner dividing line between pushing oneself to the limit and hurting oneself. Am I wrong, or too cissy?

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Hi Joel.

I do concur with Rich . . . AWESOME BLOG!

I hate my leg workouts with a passion! I “pre-exhaust” with LOTS of squats. I do half squats for the heavy stuff ‘cos I don’t have a spotter and I would definitely embarrass myself if I went all the way down. Still I want to shock the CNS so half squats will do. Afterwards I get on the machines and do leg extension, curls, hip flexors, calf raises. I typically do five sets of each getting heavier each set. My 4th set I max the machine, but on my last set I go back to 40kg. By the tenth rep I feel like crying like a little girl ‘cos it HURTS! I go to failure, but it ain’t too far down the track.
Anyone walking past at that point would think I was pretty lame but if they had seen what I went through to get to that point . . .
The question comes down to “do I wanna impress the other guys at the gym or do I wanna grow”?

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I usualy go onto periodical failure on saturdays whene i can get planty of rest te rest day i stick to my rep set numbres where i know can go on the rest of the day whithout taking a break every hour or so important whene your working on a regular 9 to 6 mon to fri

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I never really considered variations on the workout to failure idea. I always did as many reps in each set as I could, effectively working out to failure each set. My reps declined each set as I also increased my weight. These new-to-me ideas will be great to mix up my workouts.

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I have used method 2 with good success. It works for certain movements or muscle groups, depending on your goals. If you want to increase the numbers of pushups you can do, you can do 4 weeks of periodic failure twice a week followed by 4 weeks of ladders, 3 times per week.

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Hi Joel,

I almost always use Method 1, with the slight exception that I never really reach true failure as I train by myself with weights at home (I can’t afford a gym at the moment), and going to complete failure would mean me getting trapped under the weight!
However sometimes, if my friends come over to train with me, we go all out as we have each other as spotters, therefore using Method 2.
Method 3 seems like a great idea for me to use especially as I can enhance the results I get from training with little to no increased danger aspect. I will definitely try it out!

Thanks a lot for the great post, and all the training information you give, I always find it very helpful and enjoyable to read.

Michael.

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I think going failure is a tricky one.. But i believe all the above mentioned failure techniques r good.. all the 3 techiniques should be used.. I mean one should periodize his program so that he can use these 3 techniques in 3 different phases

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Thanks For The Info I Think The Methods Are A Great Idea Challeging The Muscles In Different Ways Have A Great Day

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I’ve never used any of the above methods. But one thing I’ve found via my own experience, is that doing only one set per exercise every other day or every third day is a great way to increase strength quickly.

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Currently I am using method 3 but all 3 make sense to me. Great advice – Thanks!

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I’m a fan of isolated failure over those mentioned. Less dangerous and less taxing on the CNS compared to using compound movements. I have never tried periodic failure and gradual failure doesn’t sound that good because you waste the first few sets.

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I have always pushed every set. I have subsequently increased my strength but I am now becoming stagnant or do not have the push to complete the last set or lift the weight I know I can. This article has really opened my eyes.

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I beleve as a physiotherapist who has studyed strenght development religiously you need to make ever set count while your training. I understand the concept of all the above but there is no need to complicate things, all the research suggests muscle needs to be trained to failure on each and every set. I dont support the propasal of doing a set of 12 reps which you find easy i dont see where the benefits will be coming from, only in your last set will you me making changes in your muscle dunamics.

Train hard get results…

David

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Great Info! I usually use method 3, but now may think about switching it up a bit! Thanks!

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Quite interesting, I’ve really only ever used the first method and to a lesser extent the 3rd one, but have never really done the Periodic Failure. Might be something to attempt in the future although I could see a high burnout rate if one is not careful

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You can definitely over train with this type of workout, I agree keeping it at %25.

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for me ill go with this, after analysing all three, i do this, train each exercise with very few sets, like 1-2 sets.. so doing the the first set one rep short of failure, then second set do to failure…. as failure actually stimulate most growth, doing less sets do not cause as much damage like overtraining etc… also so triceps, chest and shoulders the same day, biceps and back, and legs and abs on same days… for example, all shoulder and chest exercises stimulate triceps and back exercises stimulate biceps.. by doing this trick, doing on the same day, u dont have to worry on doing too little sets as the other exercise u are doing on the same day will stimulate the same parts… hope this help u guys, dont you think so?

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I have just started on my journey of training and am always looking for new things to write down and add so that I can try them. I like mixing things up not only to keep my muscles guessing but to keep me from getting bored. Thanks!

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I’m currently using Method 3 now but after seeing Method 1 I’m thinking of working around that for a couple weeks and see how that goes. – Thanks Joel!

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I am most familiar with the first method. The other two are helpful as I start a new fitness model routine tomorrow. Thanks for the information!

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Very good info, you read alot on the net about different work outs and tempo but no one explains what failure means. I use number one myself but its reassurring knowing I am doing something right. Thanks, keep up the good work.

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I’ve usually only trained to failure using Method 3, but 1 looks very intriguing. Think I’ll try that one with my workout this afternoon! Method 2, while I’m sure is very effective for some, generally leads me to overtraining… and when I overtrain, I get sick. NOT worth my time, personally.

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Train to muscular failure with every exercise or to when you know you will not be able to complete another rep. i rarely use a spotter always training to the very last rep i can possibly complete; right up to the very part of muscular failure and yet rarely ever have to drop the weight. to save your cns just dont do hundreds of sets for each body part. no body part needs more than 6 sets to be worked fully.

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Well, in my opinion, all three methods have their certain benefits, according to the goal you want to achieve. If for example you want to really strenghten a certain muscle quickly and pump it up, I’d use method 3 for a certain exercise after a whole body workout. Method 2 sounds good to me when you have already hit a plateau and want to overcome it by changing your training routine. And method 1 surely makes sense if you want the middle between quick and longlasting results.
That’s it, thanks for your wonderful website!

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I have pretty much always used method #1 or a close variation of it. I find the other 2 very interesting, though. I love all your information – it makes a lot of sense!

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I like to decrease reps but increase weight method. Say you do 50 lbs. 12 times next set would be 60 lbs. 10 times. then 70 lbs. 8 times etc. to failure. It seems like I need to do it this way to to get maximum effect for me.

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I’ll occasionally inject some failure and beyond failure techniques. Maybe I should be a bit more planned about it.

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Some years ago, I trained at Serious Strength in NYC (based on SuperSlow principles); every set was 10/10 cadence, to absolute and complete utter failure. Training was 6 sets, once/week, so my CNS wasn’t toasted (it had plenty of recovery). I did get some benefits; in fact, when I got a physical, some of the blood numbers (especially HDL/LDL cholesterol ratio) were as good as I’ve ever had. I was also getting stronger (based on those exercises).

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Training to failure is something I rarely, if ever do, since predominantly training with kettlebells. In the past I have done smaller muscle groups such as triceps, biceps, or calves. Sometimes on vacation I have employed using a machine if I like the groove… even on bigger muscle groups. One thing I do enjoy though is taking heavy or moderate weights in a farmers walk as a finisher.

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If i’m training total body three times a week, is it not a bad idea to train to failure? Would this not increase CNS fatigue and reduce performance in subsequent workouts?

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If I want to train to failure what I do is I lift heavy with a rep range as a goal. Like 3 to 5 reps in bench with a very heavy weight for as many sets as I can (3 to 5 most of the time) with a 3 minute rest, then I go to squat and I do the same.

If I do more than 5 reps is not heavy enough

I do this once a week.

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I’ve only been training 3 months, but occassionally trainig to failure seems to work for me ala method 1. My body is definitely a diesel rather than a dragster. I find that when i”ve cycled up to my intended weight/reps, I’m now revved up & will sometimes put on some more weight & attempt more reps. I can usually do it. I don’t do this every time, only when I’m inspired.

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Just a couple thoughts:

First-your gradual failure method doesn’t take into account the principle of progressive overload. If you can do 12 reps with a weight but only do 8 then you are not really getting a benefit from that, as your muscles are working well within their established comfort zone. And to build muscle you must continually push past that point-either more reps with same weight or same reps with more weight.

Second-it seems rather dangerous teaching people to train to ‘failure’, especially if they are not advanced trainers. Many people end up placing a higher priority on the failure part while sacrificing form, which leads to injury or faulty movement patterns (cheat reps) which don’t stress the targeted muscle group properly – think of that guy in every gym who uses his entire body to attempt biceps curls with too much weight. We’ve all seen him, just hopefully not in the mirror ;)

Just my 2 cents

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Originally Posted By Jesse
I couldnt really tell, (in reading the 3 methods above), if it is acceptable to train like that – all workout, all the time??? (Always working the progressive overload of course…)

It’s an individual thing, but most of the time, yes.

Joel

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One way I like to utilize failure training is when I will be going on vacation. If I am planning on being gone for a week I will ramp up the volume/intensity a bit the week before to go into a overreaching phase, then allow myself to recover and recharge while I am on vacation. This takes away some hassle of trying to find a gym or workout time, and you don’t feel guilty taking time off since you planned it in advance.

Other than that I rarely train to failure – I consider failure training one of my biggest mistakes I made when starting out lifting for the first few years. You really need to look at the goal of training – is it to feel like crap at the end of the workout and not be able to walk normal for a week – or to force a positive adaptation to your body? Once I stopped this and went on a little more smart training routine, I added almost 100lbs to my core lifts in about a month – a big change from the nothing I was currently gaining…

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Originally Posted By CJ
Just a couple thoughts:

First-your gradual failure method doesn’t take into account the principle of progressive overload. If you can do 12 reps with a weight but only do 8 then you are not really getting a benefit from that, as your muscles are working well within their established comfort zone. And to build muscle you must continually push past that point-either more reps with same weight or same reps with more weight.

Second-it seems rather dangerous teaching people to train to ‘failure’, especially if they are not advanced trainers. Many people end up placing a higher priority on the failure part while sacrificing form, which leads to injury or faulty movement patterns (cheat reps) which don’t stress the targeted muscle group properly – think of that guy in every gym who uses his entire body to attempt biceps curls with too much weight. We’ve all seen him, just hopefully not in the mirror ;)

Just my 2 cents

1. The initial sets serve as stimulatory “warm-up” sets that will allow you to achieve more on the last set, which is taken to failure with maximal stimulation. The two coupled together ensure overload. Add weight when you do not achieve failure by rep 8 on the last set.

2. I spoke extensively on form in part II of this series. It’s a 3 part series :)

Joel

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I have been doing a combination of method 1 and method 3, but the second method i could try out, It would probably shock my body and help give me better results in muscle gain!

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Originally Posted By Bob
Hi Joel,
I’ve been using the Gradual Failure approach for some time but add another aspect. I treat the earlier sets as ballistic and continous. As fatigue progresses I add pauses between reps but still push for ballistic lift. End set is always slow and controlled but with close attention to holding form.
I do this as it stimulates the muscle and CNS in a variety of ways.
Am I mixing too many things here perhaps? I’d be interested in your views.
Cheers

Naturally, speed will slow down with subsequent sets…a brief pause actually makes the movement more difficult as it takes away the “rubberband-like” stretch reflex that comes just before the direction of the movement switches.

All in all, it’s a decent approach to varying the stimulus.

Joel

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